Mammography is a specialised form of X-ray imaging designed to detect subtle differences in breast tissue attenuation. Because breast tissues have relatively similar X-ray attenuation properties, mammography systems are optimised to maximise contrast resolution while maintaining low radiation dose.

Mammography uses lower X-ray tube voltages and specialised target and filter materials such as molybdenum or rhodium to produce a beam with an energy spectrum suited for breast imaging. Compression of the breast reduces tissue thickness, improves image quality, and lowers radiation dose.

Detector systems in mammography are designed to achieve high spatial resolution to allow detection of small calcifications and early malignancies.

The physics of mammography is a commonly examined topic in FRCR Part 1 Physics and ABR Core examinations, particularly in questions relating beam energy selection, compression benefits, and image quality optimisation.

This section contains board-level questions exploring mammographic beam properties, detector systems, and the physical principles underlying breast imaging.

Get access to over 2,000 board-level radiology physics questions with highly detailed explanations, structured feedback, and exam-focused learning tools. Explore the complete question bank here.