Fluoroscopy provides real-time X-ray imaging that allows dynamic visualisation of physiological processes and interventional procedures. Unlike static radiography, fluoroscopy involves continuous or pulsed X-ray exposure to produce moving images.

Modern fluoroscopy systems use image intensifiers or flat-panel detectors to convert X-ray signals into visible images that can be displayed on monitors. Automatic brightness control adjusts exposure parameters to maintain consistent image quality as patient thickness changes.

Because fluoroscopy involves prolonged radiation exposure, dose management is particularly important. Pulsed fluoroscopy, last-image hold, and appropriate collimation are used to reduce radiation exposure while preserving image quality.

Fluoroscopy physics is commonly examined in FRCR Part 1 Physics and ABR Core examinations, particularly in questions relating to dose optimisation, image intensifier operation, and detector technology.

The questions in this section explore the physics of real-time imaging, fluoroscopic detector systems, and strategies for balancing image quality with radiation safety.

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